妥善逐項列明的報價應是什麼樣子

A quote for migration work is hard to compare if the total price is the only thing shown. One quote may include preparation, lodgement and follow-up, while another may exclude key steps and add them later. A properly itemised quote makes the scope clear before money changes hands, and it helps you compare like with like.

對註冊移民代理（registered migration agent）而言，Migration Agents Code of Conduct 2021 對此訂有實務規則。特別是，第 46 條處理費用和代墊費用（disbursements）應如何列明，而第 42、49、50 和 51 條也會影響報價、協議和付款在實務上的運作方式。

"itemised" 在實務中的意思#

An itemised quote breaks the work into parts and puts a price, or a clear pricing method, against each part. It does not just say "professional fees: $X" with no explanation. Under section 46 of the Code, the fee structure must be set out in a way that makes the basis of charging clear.

實務上，這通常表示兩種收費模式之一。第一種是在明確界定的工作範圍內收取固定專業費。第二種是按小時計費，並附上可能花費時間的估算，再註明實際時數可能因所需工作而多於或少於估算。

A proper quote also separates professional fees from disbursements. Professional fees are the provider's own charges for their work. Disbursements are third-party costs, such as translation, interpreting, police checks, medicals, barrister fees, expert reports, courier charges or Department charges.

逐項列明的目的不只是透明。它也能減少日後對哪些內容已包含、什麼情況會觸發額外收費，以及何時應付款的爭議。

一份適當報價通常包含的部分#

A clear quote usually starts by identifying the provider. For a registered migration agent, that includes the business name and MARN. The MARN is important because advertising and representations by a migration agent must identify them properly under section 25 of the Code. If a person says they can provide immigration assistance but does not hold registration or practise as an Australian legal practitioner, that raises issues under section 280 of the Migration Act 1958. You can check details at 我們的營運者檢查工具.

下一部分是工作範圍。這是報價所涵蓋的工作清單，例如：

• 文件的初步審查
• 資格與標準評估
• 文件清單與規劃
• 表格準備
• 起草並整理申請材料
• 遞交申請
• 遞交後的例行通訊
• 對標準補充資訊要求的回應
• 保存紀錄和副本

A proper quote then states the charging method. If it is a fixed fee, it should say that the fee is fixed for the listed scope. If it is hourly, it should show the hourly rate and an estimated range of hours, for example a lower estimate for a straightforward matter and a higher estimate if complications arise.

GST 應清楚處理。報價應說明價格是否包含 GST。最清楚的格式是註明所有專業費用均已包含 GST，這樣實際應付金額就不會有疑問。

Disbursements should be listed separately, not folded into professional fees without explanation. Where exact third-party prices are not yet known, the quote can list the type of disbursement and say it will be charged at cost, or provide an estimate if available. Department charges should also be shown separately from the provider's professional fees.

一份正式報價通常也會提供各階段的預計時間表，而不是結果承諾。這可能包括入門流程需時多久、服務提供者預計何時審閱文件，以及在收到完整文件後多久申請可能準備好遞交。

固定費用與按時計費，以及各自應顯示什麼#

固定費用通常更容易在不同服務提供者之間比較，因為已界定範圍的總額一開始就看得到。當工作內容可以清楚描述，且可能步驟已知時，這種方式最適合。即使是固定費用，報價仍需要清楚說明包含與不包含的內容。

An hourly quote can also comply with section 46, but only if the basis of charging is explained properly. A bare hourly rate is not enough for comparison. A useful hourly quote shows the rate, an estimated number of hours, the types of work expected within that estimate and the circumstances that may increase time.

For example, an hourly quote might separate work into file opening, document review, preparation, client correspondence, lodgement and post-lodgement follow-up. It may also say that time is billed in set units, such as six-minute or fifteen-minute increments, if that is the provider's practice. If minimum charges apply for calls or emails, that should be stated clearly.

無論哪種收費模式，都不能免除書面協議的需要。根據 Code 的 section 42，委聘條款必須以書面作成。根據 section 51，註冊移民代理人在客戶未以書面同意服務和費用之前，不得要求或收取付款。

包含項目、排除項目與假設很重要#

逐項報價中最有用的部分，往往是包含項目與不包含項目部分。這就是兩個看起來相似的總價，可能實際涵蓋非常不同工作的地方。

Inclusions are the tasks covered by the quoted professional fee. A clear list might include one main application, one set of routine submissions, one response to a standard request for information, and routine communication by email. If Form 956 will be used to appoint the provider as authorised recipient or recipient of documents, that may also be listed as part of setup. Form 956 sits within the broader framework of section 312A of the Migration Act.

Exclusions are just as important. Common exclusions include merits review, judicial review, ministerial intervention requests, character issues, health waiver work, responses to allegations of false documents, PIC 4020 issues, and complicated requests for further information. False or misleading documents can lead to serious consequences under sections 234 and 245AR of the Migration Act and PIC 4020, so quotes often carve out that kind of work for separate pricing if it arises.

Assumptions explain what the price is based on. For example, a quote may assume that documents are provided in English or already translated, that there are no urgent deadlines, that family composition is straightforward, or that no legal submissions beyond standard covering material are needed. If those assumptions change, the provider may issue a revised quote or a variation.

這就是為什麼最便宜的總價不一定是最便宜的服務。一份報價看起來較低，可能只是因為它排除了另一份報價已包含的步驟。

付款階段、發票、收據和客戶款項#

A proper quote normally shows when payment is due. This is often done in stages. For example, one instalment may be due on signing the agreement, another before lodgement, and another if post-lodgement work is required. Stage payments make it easier to match the money paid to the work being done.

Section 46 is relevant here because the structure of the fees should be clear, but payment handling is also governed by other parts of the Code. Section 49 requires an invoice or receipt that identifies what has been charged and paid. If money is held on behalf of a client, section 50 deals with client accounts and how those funds must be handled.

A quote should make clear whether any money paid upfront is for earned professional fees, future work, or disbursements to be paid later. If funds are to be held in a client account until work is performed or costs are incurred, that should be stated. The agreement should also say what happens if the matter ends early, for example whether unused client money is refunded and how final billing will be calculated.

如果報價有說明額外工作的觸發原因，也會有幫助。變更條款可能會寫明，如果事項變得更複雜，服務提供者會在進行額外可收費工作前，先提供新的書面費用建議。這類措辭會讓之後的帳單更容易理解。

如何公平比較報價#

比較報價最簡單的方法，是把它們對照同一份清單。先從服務範圍開始。查看兩份報價是否涵蓋相同階段、相同申請人人數，以及相同程度的遞交後工作。

然後看定價方式。如果一份報價是固定價格，另一份是按小時計費，請比較可能的總額，而不只是起始數字。如果假設條件寬泛或不清楚，按時計費的估算可能會擴大。

接著，查看代墊費用（disbursements）。看起來較低的報價可能不包括翻譯、口譯、警方查核、體檢或快遞費。Department 收費也應另外列出。至於不同提供者的一般價格模式， 費用估算工具 可作為起點提供幫助。

Finally, check compliance points. Is the provider clearly identified with a MARN, if they are acting as a migration agent. Is there a written agreement. Is the fee structure understandable. Was the consumer guide given first, as required by section 38 of the Code. If you want quotes from registered providers in one place, you can 說明工作內容並接收回覆.

第 46 條在實際報價中的樣子#

第 46 條不只是列出一個數字而已。實務上，合規的報價通常會讓讀者不用猜，就能回答五個基本問題。

第一，正在進行的是什麼工作。第二，服務提供者如何對該工作收費，是固定費用還是按小時計費。第三，哪些第三方成本不包含在該費用內。第四，每筆金額何時到期應付。第五，如果範圍改變會怎樣。

如果缺少其中任何一點，比較就會變得困難。這不會自動表示提供者做了任何不當的事，但確實表示在簽署協議前，該報價可能需要進一步釐清。

A useful quote is also consistent with the later paperwork. The written agreement under section 42, the invoice or receipt under section 49, and any handling of client money under section 50 should all match the structure first shown in the quote. If they do not, that is a sign to ask for a clearer written breakdown.

常見問題#

在澳洲，移民代理報價應包含哪些內容？#

A proper quote usually identifies the provider, including their MARN if they are a registered migration agent, then sets out the scope of work, the fee structure and payment stages. It should also show whether fees are GST inclusive, list disbursements separately and explain what is included and excluded.

移民代理可以按小時收費嗎？#

是的，如果依據 Code 第 46 條清楚說明收費基礎，就可以使用按小時計費模式。一份有用的時薪報價通常會列明時薪、預估工時、該預估涵蓋哪些工作，以及哪些情況可能導致費用增加。

移民代理報價一定要包含 GST 嗎？#

報價應清楚說明是否包含 GST。最清楚的格式是註明專業費用已含 GST，這樣實際應付金額就容易與其他報價比較。

如果報價含糊，或之後又出現額外收費，怎麼辦？#

A vague quote can be hard to compare because the scope and assumptions are not obvious. If extra charges appear later, the first documents to check are the written agreement, the original fee breakdown and any later written variation. For concerns about conduct by a registered migration agent, the consumer guide 和 投訴頁面 說明流程。

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關於本指南。 這是關於某項程序在澳洲如何運作的一般資訊。這不是 immigration assistance，也不是針對你情況的建議。根據 section 280 of the Migration Act 1958 只有註冊移民代理或澳洲法律執業者可以提供這項服務。政府收費會按指數調整，而且大多數會在 1 July 變更，所以請自行查核任何金額於 immi.homeaffairs.gov.au, 並在以下位置查核任何代理 OMARA（移民代理註冊管理局）名冊.